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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of eighty meters or two hundred sixty five feet. The tower crane's maximum lifting capacity is 16,642 kg or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety lbs. with counter weights of 20 tons. Moreover, two limit switches are utilized to be able to ensure the driver does not overload the crane. There is even another safety feature called a load moment switch to ensure that the driver does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Finally, the tower crane has a maximum reach of 70 meters or 230 feet.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, specially because of their extreme heights. At first, the stationary structure has to be brought to the construction location by using a huge tractor-trailer rig setup. After that, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the machine part of the crane and the jib. After that, these sections are attached to the mast. Next, the mobile crane adds counterweights. Forklifts and crawler cranes could be some of the other industrial machines which is usually utilized to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane when the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew uses what is called a climbing frame or a top climber that fits between the slewing unit and the top of the mast. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit can detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an extra 6.1m or 20 feet. Next, the driver of the crane utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into position one more mast part piece.
The definition of a "loaded container" for the purpose of securing and container handling; is a container other than in the empty or tare condition. Containers should be treated as loaded, unless otherwise confirmed. To be able to maintain safety, when handling or securing containers, environmental conditions like wind need to be considered. The word loaded is the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. So as to make sure that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the cargo should be distributed all around the container.
Having an evenly distributed load it is helpful to prevent excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability, so as to maintain safety. An even load helps to prevent unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the load distribution within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity differs. It is very essential that the designers of containers and handling machines take this into account during the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the length of the container measured from one end of the equipment, the eccentricity corresponds to 5%.
To be able to make sure that the equipment utilized is right for the load, care has to be taken to make certain it is safely attached to the container and that the container is free to be handled. Specific attention needs to be paid to the risk of the container tilting because of the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is mobile or eccentric, like a tank container, a bulk container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging load, great care has to be taken when raising these.
